< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fram
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forth, forward”). Related to Proto-Germanic *framaz (“forward, prominent”) (Old Norse framr (“forward; superior”), Old English fram (“strenuous, active, bold, strong”)), Ancient Greek πρόμος (prómos, “foremost one, champion, leader, prince”), Umbrian promom (“at first, initially”), Lithuanian pìrmas (“first”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɸrɑm/
Preposition
*fram
- (with dative) from
- (with dative) by, due to
Adverb
*fram (comparative *framiz, superlative *framist)
- forth, forward
- away, further
Descendants
- Old English: fram, from
- Middle English: from, fram, vrom, vram; fro, fra, vra, fray
- English: from
- → Scots: from, frome
- Yola: vrem, vrim, vrom, vreem, vream
- English: from
- Middle English: from, fram, vrom, vram; fro, fra, vra, fray
- Old Frisian: from
- Old Saxon: fram
- Old Dutch: fram-
- Old High German: fram
- Middle High German: vram
- Old Norse: frá
- Icelandic: frá
- Faroese: frá
- Norwegian Nynorsk: frå
- Elfdalian: frą̊
- Old Swedish: frā
- Westrobothnian: frå, fra
- ⇒ Old Swedish: frān
- Swedish: från
- Westrobothnian: frånn, frönn
- Old Danish: fra, fraa, fran
- Danish: fra
- Norwegian Bokmål: fra
- Danish: fra
- → Old English: fra
- Middle English: fra, fro
- English: fro
- Northumbrian: frae, fra
- Scots: frae, fra, fro, fae
- English: fro
- Middle English: fra, fro
- Old Norse: fram
- Icelandic: fram
- Faroese: fram, frá
- Old Swedish: fram
- Swedish: fram
- Danish: frem
- Norwegian Bokmål: frem
- Norwegian: fram
- Westrobothnian: framm
- Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 (fram)