< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fraberaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *fra- (“off, away (from), completely”) + *beraną (“to bear, carry”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˌɸrɑ.ˈbe.rɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*fraberaną
- to hold back or keep away (from); restrain or refrain (oneself) from
- to bear throughout; endure
Inflection
Conjugation of *fraberaną (strong class 4)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *fraberō | *fraberaų | — | *fraberai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *frabirizi | *fraberaiz | *fraber | *fraberazai | *fraberaizau |
| 3rd singular | *frabiridi | *fraberai | *fraberadau | *fraberadai | *fraberaidau |
| 1st dual | *fraberōz | *fraberaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *fraberadiz | *fraberaidiz | *fraberadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *fraberamaz | *fraberaim | — | *fraberandai | *fraberaindau |
| 2nd plural | *frabirid | *fraberaid | *frabirid | *fraberandai | *fraberaindau |
| 3rd plural | *fraberandi | *fraberain | *fraberandau | *fraberandai | *fraberaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *frabar | *frabērį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *frabart | *frabērīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *frabar | *frabērī | |||
| 1st dual | *frabērū | *frabērīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *frabērudiz | *frabērīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *frabērum | *frabērīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *frabērud | *frabērīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *frabērun | *frabērīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *fraberandz | *fraburanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *fraburþiz
Descendants
- Old English: forberan
- Middle English: forberen
- Scots: forbere, forbeir
- English: forbear
- Middle English: forberen
- Old Frisian: forbera
- ⇒ Old Frisian: forbernisse
- Old Saxon: *farberan
- ⇒ Middle Low German: vorbörnisse, vörbȫrnisse
- Old Dutch: *farberan
- ⇒ Middle Dutch: verboornisse, verbeurnisse
- Old High German: *farberan, *firberan, ferberan
- Middle High German: verbërn
- Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (frabairan)