Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flakaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *plāg-, *plāk-, *pele- (“broad, wide, flat”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸlɑ.kɑz/

Adjective

*flakaz

flat

Inflection

Declension of *flakaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*flakaz	*flakai	*flakō	*flakôz	*flaką, -atō	*flakō
Accusative	*flakanǭ	*flakanz	*flakǭ	*flakōz	*flaką, -atō	*flakō
Genitive	*flakas, -is	*flakaizǫ̂	*flakaizōz	*flakaizǫ̂	*flakas, -is	*flakaizǫ̂
Dative	*flakammai	*flakaimaz	*flakaizōi	*flakaimaz	*flakammai	*flakaimaz
Instrumental	*flakanō	*flakaimiz	*flakaizō	*flakaimiz	*flakanō	*flakaimiz

Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*flakô	*flakaniz	*flakǭ	*flakōniz	*flakô	*flakōnō
Accusative	*flakanų	*flakanunz	*flakōnų	*flakōnunz	*flakô	*flakōnō
Genitive	*flakiniz	*flakanǫ̂	*flakōniz	*flakōnǫ̂	*flakiniz	*flakanǫ̂
Dative	*flakini	*flakammaz	*flakōni	*flakōmaz	*flakini	*flakammaz
Instrumental	*flakinē	*flakammiz	*flakōnē	*flakōmiz	*flakinē	*flakammiz

Descendants

Old English: flōc
- Middle English: flake, flok
  - English: flake, fluke
Old Saxon: flak
- Middle Low German: vlak
  - → Swedish: flack
  - → Danish: flak
Old Dutch: *flak
- Middle Dutch: vlak
  - Dutch: vlak
    - Afrikaans: vlak
  - Limburgish: vlaak
Old High German: flah
- Middle High German: vlach
  - German: flach
  - Luxembourgish: flaach
  - Vilamovian: fłaoch
  - Yiddish: [script needed] (flach)
→ Proto-Finnic: *lakja (< *flakja)
- Finnish: laaja
- Estonian: lai
- Livonian: laiga