< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-falþaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
- *-faldaz
Etymology
From *falþaną (“to fold”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɸɑl.θɑz/
Adjective
*-falþaz
- -fold. suffix denoting multiplication, or consisting of so many parts.
Inflection
Declension of *-falþaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *-falþaz | *-falþai | *-falþō | *-falþôz | *-falþą, -atō | *-falþō |
| Accusative | *-falþanǭ | *-falþanz | *-falþǭ | *-falþōz | *-falþą, -atō | *-falþō |
| Genitive | *-falþas, -is | *-falþaizǫ̂ | *-falþaizōz | *-falþaizǫ̂ | *-falþas, -is | *-falþaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *-falþammai | *-falþaimaz | *-falþaizōi | *-falþaimaz | *-falþammai | *-falþaimaz |
| Instrumental | *-falþanō | *-falþaimiz | *-falþaizō | *-falþaimiz | *-falþanō | *-falþaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *-falþô | *-falþaniz | *-falþǭ | *-falþōniz | *-falþô | *-falþōnō |
| Accusative | *-falþanų | *-falþanunz | *-falþōnų | *-falþōnunz | *-falþô | *-falþōnō |
| Genitive | *-falþiniz | *-falþanǫ̂ | *-falþōniz | *-falþōnǫ̂ | *-falþiniz | *-falþanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *-falþini | *-falþammaz | *-falþōni | *-falþōmaz | *-falþini | *-falþammaz |
| Instrumental | *-falþinē | *-falþammiz | *-falþōnē | *-falþōmiz | *-falþinē | *-falþammiz |
Derived terms
Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-falþaz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *-falþ, *-fald
- Old English: -feald
- Middle English: -fald, -fold
- English: -fold
- Middle English: -fald, -fold
- Old Frisian: -fald
- Saterland Frisian: -foold
- ⇒ Saterland Frisian: -fooldig, -foltig, -fooldich
- ⇒ West Frisian: -fâldich
- Saterland Frisian: -foold
- Old Saxon: -fald
- Middle Low German: -vōlt, -vōld, -valt, -valt
- Low German: -foolt
- Middle Low German: -vōlt, -vōld, -valt, -valt
- Old Dutch: *-fald
- Middle Dutch: -vout
- Dutch: -voud, -voudig
- Middle Dutch: -vout
- Old High German: -falt, -faltīg
- Middle High German: -valt, -valtec
- German: -falt, -faltig
- Middle High German: -valt, -valtec
- Old English: -feald
- Old Norse: -faldr
- Icelandic: -faldur
- Danish: -fold
- Norwegian Nynorsk: -fald, -felt
- Swedish: -fald, -faldig
- Gothic: -𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 (-falþs)