Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/faluz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pol- (“to pour, flow, float, fly, swim, flee”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸɑ.luz/

Adjective

*faluz

terrible; cruel; bad

Inflection

Declension of *faluz (u-stem)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*faluz	*faljai	*falī	*faljôz	falų, -jatō	*faljō
accusative	*faljanǭ	*faljanz	*faljǭ	*faljōz	falų, -jatō	*faljō
genitive	faljas, falis	*faljaizǫ̂	*faljaizōz	*faljaizǫ̂	faljas, falis	*faljaizǫ̂
dative	*faljammai	*faljaimaz	*faljaizōi	*faljaimaz	*faljammai	*faljaimaz
instrumental	*faljanō	*faljaimiz	*faljaizō	*faljaimiz	*faljanō	*faljaimiz

weak declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*faljô	*faljaniz	*faljǭ	*faljōniz	*faljô	*faljōnō
accusative	*faljanų	*faljanunz	*faljōnų	*faljōnunz	*faljô	*faljōnō
genitive	*faliniz	*faljanǫ̂	*faljōniz	*faljōnǫ̂	*faliniz	*faljanǫ̂
dative	*falini	*faljammaz	*faljōni	*faljōmaz	*falini	*faljammaz
instrumental	*falinē	*faljammiz	*faljōnē	*faljōmiz	*falinē	*faljammiz

Related terms

*fēlaz

Descendants

Old English: fæle, felu, felo, fel (all in compounds)
- Middle English: fel, fell
  - English: fell
  - Scots: fell
Old Frisian: fal
- Saterland Frisian: fäl
Old Saxon: *fel
- Middle Low German: fel, vil (possibly a borrowing from Middle Dutch ?)
  - German Low German: fell
Frankish: *fal, *fel
- Old Dutch: fel
  - Middle Dutch: fel (reinforced or possibly reborrowed from Old French)
    - Dutch: fel
- Vulgar Latin: *felus
  - Old French: fel, feu, feus, fels
Old Norse: *fall, *fell
- Norwegian: fæl
- Danish: fæl