< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dumbaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *dʰm̥bʰ-o-s, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure; to confuse, stupefy”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdum.bɑz/
Adjective
*dumbaz
- dumb, mute, unable to speak
Inflection
Declension of *dumbaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *dumbaz | *dumbai | *dumbō | *dumbôz | *dumbą, -atō | *dumbō |
| Accusative | *dumbanǭ | *dumbanz | *dumbǭ | *dumbōz | *dumbą, -atō | *dumbō |
| Genitive | *dumbas, -is | *dumbaizǫ̂ | *dumbaizōz | *dumbaizǫ̂ | *dumbas, -is | *dumbaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *dumbammai | *dumbaimaz | *dumbaizōi | *dumbaimaz | *dumbammai | *dumbaimaz |
| Instrumental | *dumbanō | *dumbaimiz | *dumbaizō | *dumbaimiz | *dumbanō | *dumbaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *dumbô | *dumbaniz | *dumbǭ | *dumbōniz | *dumbô | *dumbōnō |
| Accusative | *dumbanų | *dumbanunz | *dumbōnų | *dumbōnunz | *dumbô | *dumbōnō |
| Genitive | *dumbiniz | *dumbanǫ̂ | *dumbōniz | *dumbōnǫ̂ | *dumbiniz | *dumbanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *dumbini | *dumbammaz | *dumbōni | *dumbōmaz | *dumbini | *dumbammaz |
| Instrumental | *dumbinē | *dumbammiz | *dumbōnē | *dumbōmiz | *dumbinē | *dumbammiz |
Related terms
- *daubaz (“stunned, deaf”)
Derived terms
- Proto-West Germanic: *dumb
- Old English: dumb
- Middle English: dumb
- English: dumb
- Scots: dumb
- Middle English: dumb
- Old Frisian: dumb
- North Frisian: dom, domme
- Saterland Frisian: dum
- West Frisian: dom
- Old Saxon: dumb
- Middle Low German: dum
- Low German: dumm
- Middle Low German: dum
- Old Dutch: dumb
- Middle Dutch: dumb, domb, dum, dom
- Dutch: dom
- Afrikaans: dom
- Dutch: dom
- Middle Dutch: dumb, domb, dum, dom
- Old High German: tumb
- Middle High German: tump
- German: dumm (Central German); tumb (Upper German; archaic)
- Hunsrik: dumm
- Luxembourgish: domm
- Middle High German: tump
- Old English: dumb
- Old Norse: dumbr
- Icelandic: dumbur
- Faroese: dumbur
- Norn: dumn (“deaf, stupid”)
- Norwegian: dum
- Old Swedish: dumber
- Swedish: dum
- Danish: dum
- Gutnish: dummar, dumbårr, dumbårr, dumbur
- Westrobothnian: dom, dåmb
- Gothic: 𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌱𐍃 (dumbs)
References
- Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2015) Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²