< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dulaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From earlier *dwulaz, zero-grade form of *dwalaz. Related to Old Irish dall (“blind”), Latvian dulls (“crazy, furious”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdu.lɑz/
Adjective
*dulaz
- confused, stunned
- foolish, misled, mad
Inflection
Declension of *dulaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *dulaz | *dulai | *dulō | *dulôz | *dulą, -atō | *dulō |
| Accusative | *dulanǭ | *dulanz | *dulǭ | *dulōz | *dulą, -atō | *dulō |
| Genitive | *dulas, -is | *dulaizǫ̂ | *dulaizōz | *dulaizǫ̂ | *dulas, -is | *dulaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *dulammai | *dulaimaz | *dulaizōi | *dulaimaz | *dulammai | *dulaimaz |
| Instrumental | *dulanō | *dulaimiz | *dulaizō | *dulaimiz | *dulanō | *dulaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *dulô | *dulaniz | *dulǭ | *dulōniz | *dulô | *dulōnō |
| Accusative | *dulanų | *dulanunz | *dulōnų | *dulōnunz | *dulô | *dulōnō |
| Genitive | *duliniz | *dulanǫ̂ | *dulōniz | *dulōnǫ̂ | *duliniz | *dulanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *dulini | *dulammaz | *dulōni | *dulōmaz | *dulini | *dulammaz |
| Instrumental | *dulinē | *dulammiz | *dulōnē | *dulōmiz | *dulinē | *dulammiz |
Derived terms
- *duljaną
Related terms
- *dwelaną
- *dwalaz
Descendants
Probably because of the phonetic influence of the preceding -w- and the similarity in meaning, descendants from this term are not always distinguishable from those of *dwalaz. The following lists descendants that do not have -w-.
- Old English: dol
- Middle English: dul, dull, dulle
- Scots: dull, dul, doll
- English: dull
- Middle English: dul, dull, dulle
- Old Frisian: dol, dul, doll, dull
- North Frisian: dol, doll, dull
- Saterland Frisian: dul
- Old Saxon: dol
- Middle Low German: dol
- Low German: dol, dul
- → German: doll
- Low German: dol, dul
- Middle Low German: dol
- Old Dutch: *dol
- Middle Dutch: dul, dol, dolle
- Dutch: dol
- Negerhollands: dol
- Petjo: dol
- → Indonesian: dol (“out of control”)
- → Papiamentu: dol (dated)
- Dutch: dol
- Middle Dutch: dul, dol, dolle
- Old High German: tol
- Middle High German: tol
- German: toll
- Middle High German: tol
- Old Norse: dulr
- Icelandic: dulur
- Faroese: dulur
- Old Swedish: dol, dul
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN