Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dukkǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *dʰugʰ-néh₂-, from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewgʰ- (“to produce; to be strong”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *dugь (“strength, power”), Old Armenian յանդուգն (yandugn, “headstrong”).

Noun

*dukkǭ f

power, strength
muscle
mass, lump
bundle, stook, wisp, skein
strawman, straw figure, doll

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *dukkǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*dukkǭ	*dukkōniz
vocative	*dukkǭ	*dukkōniz
accusative	*dukkōnų	*dukkōnunz
genitive	*dukkōniz	*dukkōnǫ̂
dative	*dukkōni	*dukkōmaz
instrumental	*dukkōnē	*dukkōmiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *dokkā
- Old English: *docce
  - Middle English: *dokke, dok (merger with Old Norse *dokkr)
    - English: dock
    - Scots: dok
  - ⇒? Old English: docga (“stocky breed of dog”) (see there for descendants)
  - ⇒ Old English: fingerdocce
- Old Frisian: *dokke
  - Saterland Frisian: Dokke
  - West Frisian: dok
- Old Saxon: dokka
  - Middle Low German: docke
    - German Low German: Docke, Dock
- Old Dutch: *dokka
  - Middle Dutch: docke
    - Dutch: dok
- Old High German: tokka, tocka
  - Middle High German: tocke
    - German: Docke
Old Norse: dokka
- Icelandic: dokka
- Danish: dukke
  - → Icelandic: dúkka
- Norwegian: dukke
- Swedish: docka