< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dreupaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Back-formation from the iterative *druppōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrbʰ-néh₂-, from *dʰrbʰ-. Also compare *drupô (“a drop”).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ˈdreu̯.pɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*dreupaną[1][2]
- To droop; drip
Inflection
Conjugation of *dreupaną (strong class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *dreupō | *dreupaų | — | *dreupai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *driupizi | *dreupaiz | *dreup | *dreupazai | *dreupaizau |
| 3rd singular | *driupidi | *dreupai | *dreupadau | *dreupadai | *dreupaidau |
| 1st dual | *dreupōz | *dreupaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *dreupadiz | *dreupaidiz | *dreupadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *dreupamaz | *dreupaim | — | *dreupandai | *dreupaindau |
| 2nd plural | *driupid | *dreupaid | *driupid | *dreupandai | *dreupaindau |
| 3rd plural | *dreupandi | *dreupain | *dreupandau | *dreupandai | *dreupaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *draup | *drupį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *drauft | *drupīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *draup | *drupī | |||
| 1st dual | *drupū | *drupīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *drupudiz | *drupīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *drupum | *drupīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *drupud | *drupīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *drupun | *drupīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *dreupandz | *drupanaz | |||
Alternative forms
- *drūpaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *dreupan
- Old English: drēopan
- Middle English: drepen, drepe
- Scots: dreep
- → English: dreep
- Scots: dreep
- Middle English: drepen, drepe
- Old Frisian: driāpa
- West Frisian: drippe
- Old Saxon: driopan
- Middle Low German: drêpen
- Old Dutch: driopan, driepan
- Middle Dutch: drupen
- Dutch: druipen
- Middle Dutch: drupen
- Old High German: triofan
- Middle High German: triefen
- German: triefen
- Middle High German: triefen
- Old English: drēopan
- Old Norse: drjúpa
- Icelandic: drjúpa
- Norwegian Nynorsk: drypa, drype
- Swedish: drypa
- →? Proto-Finnic: *rüüp'ät'äk (“to sip, drink”) (see there for further descendants)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*dreupan-~*drūpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 102
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*dreupanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 76