< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/delbaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *dʰelbʰ- (“to dig”). Cognate with Lithuanian delbti (“to drop, cast down”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdel.βɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*delbaną[1][2]
- to dig, hollow out
Inflection
Conjugation of *delbaną (strong class 3)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *delbō | *delbaų | — | *delbai | ? |
2nd singular | *dilbizi | *delbaiz | *delb | *delbazai | *delbaizau |
3rd singular | *dilbidi | *delbai | *delbadau | *delbadai | *delbaidau |
1st dual | *delbōz | *delbaiw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *delbadiz | *delbaidiz | *delbadiz | — | — |
1st plural | *delbamaz | *delbaim | — | *delbandai | *delbaindau |
2nd plural | *dilbid | *delbaid | *dilbid | *delbandai | *delbaindau |
3rd plural | *delbandi | *delbain | *delbandau | *delbandai | *delbaindau |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *dalb | *dulbį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *dalft | *dulbīz | |||
3rd singular | *dalb | *dulbī | |||
1st dual | *dulbū | *dulbīw | |||
2nd dual | *dulbudiz | *dulbīdiz | |||
1st plural | *dulbum | *dulbīm | |||
2nd plural | *dulbud | *dulbīd | |||
3rd plural | *dulbun | *dulbīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *delbandz | *dulbanaz |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *delban
- Old English: delfan
- Middle English: delven
- Scots: delve
- English: delve
- Middle English: delven
- Old Frisian: delva
- West Frisian: dolle
- Old Saxon: *delvan (in compounds: bidelvan)
- Middle Low German: delven
- Low German: dölven
- Middle Low German: delven
- Old Dutch: *delvan
- Middle Dutch: delven
- Dutch: delven
- Limburgish: dèlve
- Middle Dutch: delven
- Old High German: *telpan, *telban (in compounds: bitelban)
- Middle High German: tëlben, dëlben
- German: delben, telben (dialectal)
- Middle High German: tëlben, dëlben
- Old English: delfan
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*delban-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 92
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*đelbanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 70