< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dawjaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Compared with Proto-Indo-European *dʰew-, and *dʰweh₂-, but Kroonen prefers to connect it with Hittite [script needed] (tuḫḫušzi, “to end”), from *dʰuH-.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdɑu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*dawjaną[1]
- to die
Inflection
Conjugation of *dawjaną (strong class 6 j-present)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *dawjō | *dawjaų | — | *dawjai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *dawisi | *dawjais | *dawi | *dawjasai | *dawjaisau |
| 3rd singular | *dawiþi | *dawjai | *dawjaþau | *dawjaþai | *dawjaiþau |
| 1st dual | *dawjōs | *dawjaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *dawjaþiz | *dawjaiþiz | *dawjaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *dawjamaz | *dawjaim | — | *dawjanþai | *dawjainþau |
| 2nd plural | *dawiþ | *dawjaiþ | *dawiþ | *dawjanþai | *dawjainþau |
| 3rd plural | *dawjanþi | *dawjain | *dawjanþau | *dawjanþai | *dawjainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *dōw | *dōwį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *dōwt | *dōwīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *dōw | *dōwī | |||
| 1st dual | *dōwū | *dōwīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *dōwudiz | *dōwīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *dōwum | *dōwīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *dōwud | *dōwīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *dōwun | *dōwīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *dawjandz | *dawanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *daudaz
- *dauþuz
Related terms
- *dewaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *dauwjan
- Old English: dīeġan
- Middle English: deyen, deȝen, dien, deien, digen, degen, deghen, deȝen
- English: die
- → Vietnamese: đai
- Scots: de, dee, dey
- Yola: dee
- English: die
- Middle English: deyen, deȝen, dien, deien, digen, degen, deghen, deȝen
- Old Frisian: deia, deja
- Old Saxon: dōian
- Middle Low German: doeien
- Low German: döen
- Middle Low German: doeien
- Old Dutch: *douwen, *dōien
- Middle Dutch: douwen, dôyen
- Old High German: touwen, tewen
- Middle High German: touwen, töuwen
- Old English: dīeġan
- Old Norse: deyja
- Icelandic: deyja
- Faroese: doyggja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: døy, døya
- Dalecarlian:
- Mora: däja
- Elfdalian: däia, däa
- Westrobothnian: dööj, döij, doi, dåi
- Old Swedish: dø̄ia
- Swedish: dö
- Old Danish: dø̄
- Scanian: dǿja
- Danish: dø
- Norwegian Bokmål: dø
- Old Gutnish: doyia
- Gutnish: dåie, dåi, doä
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*daujan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 90