< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dangijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative reconstructions
- *dangwijaną[1]
Etymology
From *dingwaną + *-janą; apparently with delabialization of -gw- caused by following what was originally a round vowel and coming before the suffix -j-.[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdɑŋ.ɡi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*dangijaną[2]
- to beat, hit
Inflection
Conjugation of *dangijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *dangijō | *dangijaų | — | *dangijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *dangīsi | *dangijais | *dangī | *dangijasai | *dangijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *dangīþi | *dangijai | *dangijaþau | *dangijaþai | *dangijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *dangijōs | *dangijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *dangijaþiz | *dangijaiþiz | *dangijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *dangijamaz | *dangijaim | — | *dangijanþai | *dangijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *dangīþ | *dangijaiþ | *dangīþ | *dangijanþai | *dangijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *dangijanþi | *dangijain | *dangijanþau | *dangijanþai | *dangijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *dangidǭ | *dangidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *dangidēz | *dangidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *dangidē | *dangidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *dangidēdū | *dangidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *dangidēdudiz | *dangidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *dangidēdum | *dangidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *dangidēdud | *dangidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *dangidēdun | *dangidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *dangijandz | *dangidaz | |||
Derived terms
- *dangalaz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *dangijan
- Old English: denċġan, denġan
- Middle English: dingen
- English: dinge
- Middle English: dingen
- Old High German: *tengen
- Middle High German: tengen
- Old English: denċġan, denġan
- Old Norse: dengja
- Icelandic: dengja
- Faroese: deingja
- Old Swedish: dængia
- Swedish: dänga
- Elfdalian: daindja
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*đanʒwjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 68
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “dangjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 88