Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dalkaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*dulkaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰalg-, *dʰalk- (“pricking, stabbing, or cutting tool; needle, pin; knife”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰelg-, *dʰelk- (“to stick, prick, stab”). Cognate with Lithuanian dilgus (“prickly”), Latin falx (“hook, sickle”), Old Irish delg (“spine, needle”).

Noun

*dalkaz m

pin
the tongue of a buckle; clasp
knife, dagger

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *dalkaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*dalkaz	dalkōz, dalkōs
vocative	*dalk	dalkōz, dalkōs
accusative	*dalką	*dalkanz
genitive	dalkas, dalkis	*dalkǫ̂
dative	*dalkai	*dalkamaz
instrumental	*dalkō	*dalkamiz

Descendants

Old English: dalc, dolc
- Middle English: dalk, dalke
  - English: dalk; dawk (dialectal)
Old Saxon: *dalk
- Middle Low German: dolk
  - Low German: Dolk
  - Danish: dolk
  - Swedish: dolk
  - Norwegian: dolk
  - Scots: dowrk, durck, durk
    - English: dirk
  - English: dork
- Dutch: dolk
Old High German: *tolh
- Middle High German: tolch (or possibly borrowed from Slavic)
  - German: Tolch, Dolch
  - Middle Low German: dollich
Old Norse: dálkr
- Icelandic: dálkur