< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bēganą
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Uncertain; perhaps, related to Old Irish bág (“war”) and Old Irish bágaid (“to battle”)[1][2], which has been proposed to stem from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₁ǵʰ- (“to dispute, quarrel”)[3].
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbɛː.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*bēganą[1]
- to fight, argue, quarrel
Inflection
Conjugation of *bēganą (strong class 7d)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *bēgō | *bēgaų | — | *bēgai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *bēgizi | *bēgaiz | *bēg | *bēgazai | *bēgaizau |
| 3rd singular | *bēgidi | *bēgai | *bēgadau | *bēgadai | *bēgaidau |
| 1st dual | *bēgōz | *bēgaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *bēgadiz | *bēgaidiz | *bēgadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *bēgamaz | *bēgaim | — | *bēgandai | *bēgaindau |
| 2nd plural | *bēgid | *bēgaid | *bēgid | *bēgandai | *bēgaindau |
| 3rd plural | *bēgandi | *bēgain | *bēgandau | *bēgandai | *bēgaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *bebēg | *bebēgį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *bebēht | *bebēgīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *bebēg | *bebēgī | |||
| 1st dual | *bebēgū | *bebēgīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *bebēgudiz | *bebēgīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *bebēgum | *bebēgīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *bebēgud | *bebēgīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *bebēgun | *bebēgīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *bēgandz | *bēganaz | |||
Related terms
- *bēgaz
- *bēgāną
Descendants
- Old Dutch:
- Middle Dutch:
- Dutch: bageren
- Middle Dutch:
- Old High German: bāgan, pāgan
- Middle High German: bāgen
- ⇒ German: bägern
- Bavarian: bägen
- ⇒ Swabian: bägeren
- → Middle French: bagarot
- → Occitan: bagarro
- → French: bagarre; bagarrer
- → Italian: bagarre
- → French: bagarre; bagarrer
- Middle High German: bāgen
- Old Norse: bága; (bægja)
- (Icelandic: bægja)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*bēʒanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 44
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhēgh-:bhōgh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 115
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 68