< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burjaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Zero-grade ye-present, pre-Germanic *bʰr̥ye/o-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbur.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*burjaną[1][2]
- to lift up; levy
- to be seemly; be fitting
Inflection
Conjugation of *burjaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *burjō | *burjaų | — | *burjai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *burisi | *burjais | *buri | *burjasai | *burjaisau |
| 3rd singular | *buriþi | *burjai | *burjaþau | *burjaþai | *burjaiþau |
| 1st dual | *burjōs | *burjaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *burjaþiz | *burjaiþiz | *burjaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *burjamaz | *burjaim | — | *burjanþai | *burjainþau |
| 2nd plural | *buriþ | *burjaiþ | *buriþ | *burjanþai | *burjainþau |
| 3rd plural | *burjanþi | *burjain | *burjanþau | *burjanþai | *burjainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *buridǭ | *buridēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *buridēz | *buridēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *buridē | *buridēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *buridēdū | *buridēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *buridēdudiz | *buridēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *buridēdum | *buridēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *buridēdud | *buridēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *buridēdun | *buridēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *burjandz | *buridaz | |||
Derived terms
- *gaburjaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *burjan
- Old English: byrian
- Middle English: birren, biren
- Old Frisian: bera
- Old Saxon: burian
- Middle Low German: boren, bören
- Low German: böhren
- Middle Low German: boren, bören
- Old Dutch: *burien
- Middle Dutch: bueren
- Dutch: beuren
- Afrikaans: beur
- Limburgish: beure, bäöre
- Dutch: beuren
- Middle Dutch: bueren
- Old High German: burien, burren
- Middle High German: bürn
- Old English: byrian
- Old Norse: byrja
- Icelandic: byrja
- Faroese: byrja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: byrja
- Westrobothnian: børe, böri, byri
- Old Swedish: byria
- Swedish: börja
- Old Danish: byriæ
- Danish: børje, burde
- Scanian: børja
- Gutnish: byre
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*burjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 85
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*burjanan ~ *burjōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 64