Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/blōþą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃tóm, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“to bloom”), morphing into the sense of bursting or swelling out.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈblɔː.θɑ̃/

Noun

*blōþą n

blood
Synonym: *dreuzaz

Inflection

Plural has the voiced Verner alternant.

neuter a-stemDeclension of *blōþą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*blōþą	*blōdō
vocative	*blōþą	*blōdō
accusative	*blōþą	*blōdō
genitive	blōþas, blōþis	*blōdǫ̂
dative	*blōþai	*blōdamaz
instrumental	*blōþō	*blōdamiz

Derived terms

*blōþagaz
*blōþijaną
*blōþisōną
*blōþaraudaz
*blōþarinnandz
*blōþarisaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *blōd, *blōþ
- Old English: blōd
  - Middle English: blood
    - Scots: bluid
    - English: blood
- Old Frisian: blōd
  - Saterland Frisian: Bloud
  - West Frisian: bloed
- Old Saxon: blōd
  - Middle Low German: blôt
    - German Low German: Blood, Bloot
- Old Dutch: bluot
  - Middle Dutch: bloet
    - Dutch: bloed
      - Afrikaans: bloed
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: blutu
      - Javindo: bloet
      - Skepi Creole Dutch: blut
      - →? Sranan Tongo: brudu
        → Aukan: buulu
        → Saramaccan: buúu
    - Limburgish: blood
- Old High German: bluot, blod, bluat, blud, bluet, bluod, bluoth, blut, bluth, pload, ploat, plot, plout, pluat, pluod, pluot, pluoth
  - Middle High German: bluot
    - Alemannic German: Bluet
      Alsatian: Blüet
      Swabian: Bluat
    - Bavarian: Bluat
      Cimbrian: pluat
      Mòcheno:
    - Central Franconian: Blot, Blut
      Hunsrik: Blud
      Luxembourgish: Blutt
    - East Central German: Blutt(Oberlausitz; Silesian)
      Vilamovian: błüt
    - East Franconian:
    - German: Blut
    - Rhine Franconian:
      Pennsylvania German: Blut
    - Yiddish: בלוט‎ (blut)
Old Norse: blóð
- Icelandic: blóð
- Faroese: blóð
- Norwegian: blod
- Old Swedish: blōþ, blodh
  - Swedish: blod
- Old Danish: bloth
  - Danish: blod
Gothic: 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌸 (blōþ)
- Crimean Gothic: plut