< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/blīwiją
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mliH-wó-s[1], perhaps from *mleh₁y- (“to be weak, weary, tired”), related to *blīþiz (“soft, mild”), cognate with Sanskrit म्लायति (mlā́yati, “to be weary”), Proto-Celtic *mlīnos (“weary, tired”), or possibly of substrate origin, compare Ancient Greek μόλῠβδος (mólubdos, “lead”), Latin plumbum (“lead”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbliː.wi.jɑ̃/
Noun
*blīwiją n
- lead (metal)
Inflection
neuter ja-stemDeclension of *blīwiją (neuter ja-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | *blīwiją | *blīwijō | |
vocative | *blīwiją | *blīwijō | |
accusative | *blīwiją | *blīwijō | |
genitive | *blīwijas, *blīwīs | *blīwijǫ̂ | |
dative | *blīwijai | *blīwijamaz | |
instrumental | *blīwijō | *blīwijamiz |
Alternative reconstructions
- *blīwą[1][2][3]
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *blīwī
- Old Frisian: blī
- Saterland Frisian: Bläi
- Old Saxon: blī, *blīg
- Middle Low German: blî, blig, blige
- German Low German:
- Altmärkisch: Bli
- Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Bluich
- Sauerländisch: Bley, Blǖ, Blī
- Westmünsterländisch: Blij
- Plautdietsch: Blie
- → Middle English: *bli
- ⇒ Middle English: bligeter (“lead founder”)
- German Low German:
- Middle Low German: blî, blig, blige
- Old Dutch: blī
- Middle Dutch: bli
- Dutch: blei, (archaic) blij
- Limburgish: blie
- Middle Dutch: bli
- Old High German: blīo, blīwo, blīoh (< *blīu or *blīwō)
- Middle High German: blī
- German: Blei
- Luxembourgish: Bläi
- Vilamovian: błaj
- Yiddish: בלײַ (blay)
- Middle High German: blī
- Old Frisian: blī
- Old Norse: blý
- Icelandic: blý
- Faroese: blýggj, blý
- Norwegian: bly
- Old Swedish: blȳ
- Swedish: bly
- → Finnish: lyijy
- Old Danish: blȳ
- Danish: bly
- Scanian: blý
- Elfdalian: bly
- Gutnish: blöi
- → Estonian: plii
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*blīwa- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 69
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*ƀlīwan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 49-50
- Friedrich Kluge (1989), “Blei¹”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 91