< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bistandaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
- *bistāną
Etymology
From *bi- + *standaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bi.ˈstɑn.dɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*bistandaną
- to stand by or near
- to stand around, surround
Inflection
Conjugation of *bistandaną (strong class 6)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *bistandō | *bistandaų | — | *bistandai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *bistandizi | *bistandaiz | *bistand | *bistandazai | *bistandaizau |
| 3rd singular | *bistandidi | *bistandai | *bistandadau | *bistandadai | *bistandaidau |
| 1st dual | *bistandōz | *bistandaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *bistandadiz | *bistandaidiz | *bistandadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *bistandamaz | *bistandaim | — | *bistandandai | *bistandaindau |
| 2nd plural | *bistandid | *bistandaid | *bistandid | *bistandandai | *bistandaindau |
| 3rd plural | *bistandandi | *bistandain | *bistandandau | *bistandandai | *bistandaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *bistōþ | *bistōdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *bistōst | *bistōdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *bistōþ | *bistōdī | |||
| 1st dual | *bistōdū | *bistōdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *bistōdudiz | *bistōdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *bistōdum | *bistōdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *bistōdud | *bistōdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *bistōdun | *bistōdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *bistandandz | *bistadanaz | |||
Descendants
- Old English: bestandan
- Middle English: bestanden, bistanden
- English: bestand
- Middle English: bestanden, bistanden
- Old Saxon: *bistandan
- Middle Low German: bestanden
- Old Dutch: *bistandan
- Middle Dutch: bestanden
- Old High German: bistantan
- Middle High German: bestanden (ppt/adj)
- Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (bistandan)