< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuzą
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross, sediment; brewer's yeast”). If so, cognate with Swedish buska (“freshly brewed beer, new beer”), Middle Dutch and Middle Low German bûsen (“to feast, booze, drink heavily”), Middle High German būs (“a swelling”), and indirectly (via bowse, ultimately from Middle Dutch) booze. Non-Germanic cognates may include Albanian mbush (“to fill, stuff”).
Alternatively reconstructed by Kroonen as *beurą, a dissimilation of earlier *breurą, derived from *brewwaną (“to brew”).[1] In a parenthetical side remark, Hyllested speculatively suggests an origin in Oghur *pora (“a grey kvas-like drink”).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbeu̯.zɑ̃/
Noun
*beuzą n
- beer
- Synonym: *alu
Inflection
neuter a-stemDeclension of *beuzą (neuter a-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | *beuzą | *beuzō | |
vocative | *beuzą | *beuzō | |
accusative | *beuzą | *beuzō | |
genitive | *beuzas, *biuzis | *beuzǫ̂ | |
dative | *biuzai | *beuzamaz | |
instrumental | *beuzō | *beuzamiz |
Alternative reconstructions
- *beurą
Derived terms
- *beuzasaliz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *beuʀ
- Old English: bēor
- Middle English: bere, beere
- English: beer (see there for further descendants)
- Scots: bere, beir, beer
- Middle English: bere, beere
- Old Frisian: biār
- Saterland Frisian: Bjoor
- West Frisian: bier
- Old Saxon: bior
- Middle Low German: bêr
- German Low German: Beer
- Mecklenburgisch: Bier
- Plautdietsch: Bea
- German Low German: Beer
- Middle Low German: bêr
- Old Dutch: *bior, *bier
- Middle Dutch: bier
- Dutch: bier (see there for further descendants)
- Afrikaans: bier
- Limburgish: beer
- → Old French: biere (see there for further descendants)
- Dutch: bier (see there for further descendants)
- Middle Dutch: bier
- Old High German: bior
- Middle High German: bier
- Alemannic German: Bier, Biär, Pier
- Bavarian: Bia, Bäia
- Cimbrian: bir
- Mòcheno: piar
- Central Franconian: Bier, Beer
- Luxembourgish: Béier
- East Central German:
- Vilamovian: biyr
- German: Bier (see there for further descendants)
- Rhine Franconian:
- Pennsylvania German: Bier
- Yiddish: ביר (bir)
- Middle High German: bier
- Old English: bēor
- Old Norse: bjórr
- Icelandic: bjór
- Faroese: bjór
- Norwegian: bjor
- → Middle Irish: beóir
- Irish: beoir
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 62
- Hyllested, Adam. 2014.
- Hyllested, Adam. (2014). Word Exchange at the Gates of Europe: Five Millennia of Language Contact. Københavns Universitet, Det Humanistiske Fakultet. University of Copenhagen. pp.121.