< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/belganą
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbel.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*belganą[1][2]
- to swell
Inflection
Conjugation of *belganą (strong class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *belgō | *belgaų | — | *belgai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *bilgizi | *belgaiz | *belg | *belgazai | *belgaizau |
| 3rd singular | *bilgidi | *belgai | *belgadau | *belgadai | *belgaidau |
| 1st dual | *belgōz | *belgaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *belgadiz | *belgaidiz | *belgadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *belgamaz | *belgaim | — | *belgandai | *belgaindau |
| 2nd plural | *bilgid | *belgaid | *bilgid | *belgandai | *belgaindau |
| 3rd plural | *belgandi | *belgain | *belgandau | *belgandai | *belgaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *balg | *bulgį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *balht | *bulgīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *balg | *bulgī | |||
| 1st dual | *bulgū | *bulgīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *bulgudiz | *bulgīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *bulgum | *bulgīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *bulgud | *bulgīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *bulgun | *bulgīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *belgandz | *bulganaz | |||
Derived terms
- *balgijaną
- *balgiz
- *bulgijǭ
- *bulgiz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *belgan
- Old English: belgan
- Middle English: *belȝen, bellen
- English: bell
- Middle English: *belȝen, bellen
- Old Frisian: belga
- Old Saxon: belgan
- Middle Low German: belgen
- Low German: belgen
- Middle Low German: belgen
- Old Dutch: belgan
- Middle Dutch: belgen
- Dutch: belgen
- Middle Dutch: belgen
- Old High German: belgan
- Middle High German: bëlgen
- Old English: belgan
- Old Norse: bólginn (“swollen”, past participle)
- Icelandic: bólginn
- Old Swedish: bulghin
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*belgan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 58
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*belʒanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 41