Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/barmaz

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/barmaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *barmiz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰór-mo-s, from *bʰer- (“to bear”) +‎ *-mos. Cognate with Ancient Greek φορμός (phormós, “basket for carrying”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɑr.mɑz/

Noun

*barmaz m[2][1]

1. lap
2. bosom

   Synonym: *bōsmaz

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *barmaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*barmaz	*barmōz, *barmōs
vocative	*barm	*barmōz, *barmōs
accusative	*barmą	*barmanz
genitive	*barmas, *barmis	*barmǫ̂
dative	*barmai	*barmamaz
instrumental	*barmō	*barmamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *barm
  • Old English: bearm
    • Middle English: barm, barme, bearm, berm, berme
      • English: barm
      • Scots: berme, berm, barm
  • Old Frisian: *barm
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: barmbracco
  • Old Saxon: barm
    • Middle Low German: barme
  • Old High German: barm
    • Middle High German: barm, barn, parm
      • German: Barm
• Old Norse: baðmr m, barmr m
  • Icelandic: baðmur m, barmur m
  • Faroese: barmur m
  • Norwegian Bokmål: barm m
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: barm m
  • Swedish: barm c
  • Danish: barm c
• Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 m (barms) (< *barmiz)
• → Proto-Finnic: *parmas (see there for further descendants)

References

1. Hellquist, Elof (1922), “barm”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 31: “*barma-”
2. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*ƀarmaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 37