Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bakiz

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bakiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰog-i-s, from *bʰog- (“flowing water, brook, stream”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *bagnò (“swamp, bog, marsh”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɑ.kiz/

Noun

*bakiz f[1]

1. brook, stream

   Synonyms: *lōkiz, *sīką, *straumaz

2. beach, strand

   Synonym: *strandō

Inflection

i-stemDeclension of *bakiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*bakiz	*bakīz
vocative	*baki	*bakīz
accusative	*bakį	*bakinz
genitive	*bakīz	*bakjǫ̂
dative	*bakī	*bakimaz
instrumental	*bakī	*bakimiz

Alternative reconstructions

• *bakkiz, *bakjaz (due to Old Norse)

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *baki
  • Old English: bæċ
    • Middle English: bæcche, bæche, bache
      • English: batch
    • >? English: beach
  • Old Saxon: *bak, beki
    • Middle Low German: bēke, bach
      • German Low German: Beek
      • Plautdietsch: Bach
      • → German: -beck
  • Old Dutch: beki
    • Middle Dutch: bēke
      • Dutch: beek
      • Limburgish: baek
  • Old High German: bah
    • Middle High German: bach
      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: pach

        Mòcheno: pòch

      • German: Bach
      • Luxembourgish: Baach
  • → Latin: bacha
• Old Norse: bekkr
  • Icelandic: bekkur
  • Norwegian Bokmål: bekk
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: bekk
  • Old Swedish: bækker
    • Swedish: bäck
  • Danish: bæk
    • Danish: bæk
  • → Old English: bæc, becc (mostly in placenames)
    • Middle English: bec, becc
      • Scots: bek, bekk
      • English: beck
  • Old French: *bec
    • Norman: -bec, Bec (in placenames)

References

1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*bakja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 48