< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arþrą
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trom. Equivalent to *arjaną + *-þrą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑr.θrɑ̃/
Noun
*arþrą n[1]
- plough
Inflection
| neuter a-stemDeclension of *arþrą (neuter a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *arþrą | *arþrō | |
| vocative | *arþrą | *arþrō | |
| accusative | *arþrą | *arþrō | |
| genitive | *arþras, *arþris | *arþrǫ̂ | |
| dative | *arþrai | *arþramaz | |
| instrumental | *arþrō | *arþramiz | |
Descendants
- Old Norse: arðr
- Icelandic: arður
- Norwegian Nynorsk: ard
- Norwegian Bokmål: ard
- → English: ard
- Westrobothnian: áł
- Old Swedish: arþer n
- Swedish: årder n
- Danish: ard
- → Proto-Finnic: *atra (see there for further descendants)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*arþra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 36