Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arsaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁orsos (“arse”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὄρρος (órrhos), Hittite 𒅈𒊏𒀸 (arraš) and Old Armenian ոռ (oṙ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɑr.sɑz/

Noun

*arsaz m[1]

arse/ass, anus, buttocks

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *arsaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*arsaz	arsōz, arsōs
vocative	*ars	arsōz, arsōs
accusative	*arsą	*arsanz
genitive	arsas, arsis	*arsǫ̂
dative	*arsai	*arsamaz
instrumental	*arsō	*arsamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *ars
- Old English: ears, ærs
  - Middle English: ars, arce, ers, eres, hars, hers, aars
    - English: arse, ass
    - Scots: ers, airse
- Old Frisian: ers
  - Saterland Frisian: Iers
  - West Frisian: ears
- Old Saxon: ars
  - Middle Low German: ars
    - Dutch Low Saxon: ars, ors
    - German Low German: Aars
    - ⇒ by rebracketing:
      - Dutch Low Saxon: nors, mors
      - German Low German: Maars, Moors, Narsch, Närsch, Närs
        Plautdietsch: Noasch
- Old Dutch: *ars
  - Middle Dutch: āers
    - Dutch: aars
      - Afrikaans: aars
- Old High German: ars
  - Middle High German: ars
    - Cimbrian: aars
    - German: Arsch
    - Hunsrik: Aarsch
    - Luxembourgish: Aasch
    - Pennsylvania German: Aarsch
Old Norse: ars, rass
- Icelandic: ars
- Faroese: arsur
- Old Swedish: ars
  - ⇒ Swedish: arsel, arsle
- ⇒ Old Norse: rass (via metathesis)
  - Icelandic: rass
  - Faroese: rassur
  - ⇒ Norwegian Bokmål: rasshøl
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: rass

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*arsa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 35

Frederik Kortlandt 2001 : initial laryngeals in anatolian

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*arsa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 35