< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/argijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *argaz (“unworthy, coward”) + *-janą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑr.ɣi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*argijaną[1]
- to spoil, to ruin
- to become a coward
Inflection
Conjugation of *argijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *argijō | *argijaų | — | *argijai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *argīsi | *argijais | *argī | *argijasai | *argijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *argīþi | *argijai | *argijaþau | *argijaþai | *argijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *argijōs | *argijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *argijaþiz | *argijaiþiz | *argijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *argijamaz | *argijaim | — | *argijanþai | *argijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *argīþ | *argijaiþ | *argīþ | *argijanþai | *argijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *argijanþi | *argijain | *argijanþau | *argijanþai | *argijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *argidǭ | *argidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *argidēz | *argidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *argidē | *argidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *argidēdū | *argidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *argidēdudiz | *argidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *argidēdum | *argidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *argidēdud | *argidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *argidēdun | *argidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *argijandz | *argidaz | |||
Descendants
- West Germanic: *argijan
- Old Saxon: *ergian
- Middle Low German: ergen
- Old High German: *ergen
- Middle High German: ergen
- Old Saxon: *ergian
- Old Norse: *ergja (only attested in the passive, ergjask)
- Icelandic: ergja
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) , “*arʒjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 23