Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arbiją

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”) (from which also *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”)).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɑr.βi.jɑ̃/

Noun

*arbiją n[1]

heritage, inheritance

Inflection

neuter ja-stemDeclension of *arbiją (neuter ja-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*arbiją	*arbijō
vocative	*arbiją	*arbijō
accusative	*arbiją	*arbijō
genitive	arbijas, arbīs	*arbijǫ̂
dative	*arbijai	*arbijamaz
instrumental	*arbijō	*arbijamiz

Derived terms

*arbijaną

Related terms

*arbaz
*arbijô

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *arbī
- Old English: ierfe, yrfe, irfe, erfe, ærfe
  - Middle English: erve, erfe, erf, irve, yrfe (through the Anglian equivalent)
    - English: erf
    - Scots: arff, airf
- Old Frisian: erve
  - Saterland Frisian: Ierwe, Äärwe
- Old Saxon: ervi
  - Low German: Arf
- Old Dutch: ervi
  - Middle Dutch: erve
    - Dutch: erf
      - Afrikaans: erf
      - → English: erf
      - Negerhollands: erfe
      - Petjo: erf
- Old High German: erbi
  - Middle High German: erbe
    - German: Erbe
    - Luxembourgish: Ierwen
Proto-Norse: ᚨᚱᛒᛁᛃᚨ (arbija)
- Old Norse: erfi
  - Icelandic: erfi
  - Faroese: ervi
  - Norwegian:
    - Norwegian Nynorsk: erve
  - Old Swedish: ærve
Gothic: 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹 (arbi)
→ Proto-Finnic: *arpa (see there for further descendants)
→ Proto-Samic: *ārpē (see there for further descendants)

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*arbja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 33

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*arbja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 33