< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aplaz
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
- *apluz
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl (“apple, apple tree”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑp.lɑz/
Noun
*aplaz m[1]
- apple, fruit
Inflection
masculine a-stemDeclension of *aplaz (masculine a-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | *aplaz | *aplōz, *aplōs | |
vocative | *apl | *aplōz, *aplōs | |
accusative | *aplą | *aplanz | |
genitive | *aplas, *aplis | *aplǫ̂ | |
dative | *aplai | *aplamaz | |
instrumental | *aplō | *aplamiz |
Related terms
- *apaliją
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *applu, *apl
- Old English: æppel, apl, appel, æppyl
- Middle English: appel, apple, appyl, appyll, appil, appill, appell, eppel, appul, appull, appulle, eappel; æppel, æpple, eappel
- English: apple (see there for further descendants)
- Scots: aipple
- Middle English: appel, apple, appyl, appyll, appil, appill, appell, eppel, appul, appull, appulle, eappel; æppel, æpple, eappel
- Old Frisian: appel
- North Frisian:
- Föhr, Hallig: aapel
- Helgoland: Oapel
- Mooring: ååpel
- Saterland Frisian: Appel, Apel
- West Frisian: apel
- North Frisian:
- Old Saxon: appel, appul, apl
- Middle Low German: appel
- German Low German: Appel
- → German: Appel (colloquial, regional)
- Plautdietsch: Aupel
- German Low German: Appel
- Middle Low German: appel
- Old Dutch: *appel, ephela (pl.), apheles (gen.sg.)
- Middle Dutch: appel, āpel
- Dutch: appel (see there for further descendants)
- Limburgish: appel
- Middle Dutch: appel, āpel
- Old High German: apful, aphul, apfol, afful, *appul
- Middle High German: apfel, epfel, öpfel, appel
- Alemannic German: Öpfel, Apfel
- Alsatian: Àpfel, Epfel
- Italian Walser: effél, epfel, epfil, öpfil
- Swabian: Ebfl
- Bavarian: Abbfe, Ebbfe
- Cimbrian: oupfal, öpfel, öpfl
- Mòcheno: epfl
- Udinese: eipfele, epfl
- Central Franconian: Appel
- Hunsrik: Eppel
- Luxembourgish: Apel
- East Central German:
- Upper Saxon: Abbel, Appel
- Vilamovian: epuł
- East Franconian:
- German: Apfel
- Rhine Franconian:
- Hessian: Àbbel, Ebbel, Abbel
- Pennsylvania German: Abbel, Appel
- Yiddish: עפּל (epl)
- Alemannic German: Öpfel, Apfel
- Middle High German: apfel, epfel, öpfel, appel
- Old English: æppel, apl, appel, æppyl
- Crimean Gothic: apel
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*apla-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 31