< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aikwernô
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“squirrel”). The first component may be *aiks (“oak”) (*h₂eyǵ-) or from the root of Old English ācol (“trembling, fearful”)(*h₂eyg- (“move quickly, stir, tremble”), cognate with Ancient Greek αἰγίς (aigís)); or, after Seebold 1982, it may be from a PIE form *(w)oy-wr̥- (cf. Russian ве́верица (véverica, “squirrel”), Latin viverra (“ferret”), Proto-Celtic *wiweros (“squirrel”), etc.), with *w > *k regular between a resonant and *u by the law he proposes in place of Cowgill's law.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯.kʷer.nɔːː/
Noun
*aikwernô m[1]
- squirrel
Inflection
masculine an-stemDeclension of *aikwernô (masculine an-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | *aikwernô | *aikwernaniz | |
vocative | *aikwernô | *aikwernaniz | |
accusative | *aikwernanų | *aikwernanunz | |
genitive | *aikwirniniz | *aikwernanǫ̂ | |
dative | *aikwirnini | *aikwernammaz | |
instrumental | *aikwirninē | *aikwernammiz |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *aikwernō
- Old English: ācweorna, āqueorna, āquorna, ācurna, ācuaerna
- Middle English: acquerne, aquerne, ocquerne, okerne, aquierne
- >? English: con, conn (“squirrel”) (dialectal) (compare Old Norse íkorni)
- >? Scots: con (“squirrel”) (compare Old Norse íkorni)
- Middle English: acquerne, aquerne, ocquerne, okerne, aquierne
- Old Frisian: *ēkworna, *ēkhorna
- Saterland Frisian: *Eker, *Eeker
- >? Saterland Frisian: Katteker, Kateeker (compare German Eichkater)
- West Frisian: iikhoarn
- ⇒ West Frisian: iikhoarntsje
- Saterland Frisian: *Eker, *Eeker
- Old Saxon: *ēkhorno
- Middle Low German: êkhōrn, êkhōrne, eikhōrne, êkhorn, êkōrn, eikōrn, êkōrne, echhorne
- ⇒ Dutch Low Saxon: Eekhoorntje
- German Low German: Eekhoorn, Ekkern
- Westphalian:
- Ravensbergisch: Aik, Aikern
- Sauerländisch: Ēksken, Aikerte
- ⇒ German Low German: Eekhoorntje
- Westphalian:
- Middle Low German: êkhōrn, êkhōrne, eikhōrne, êkhorn, êkōrn, eikōrn, êkōrne, echhorne
- Old Dutch: *ēcorno
- Middle Dutch: êencōren
- Dutch: eekhoorn
- Middle Dutch: êencōren
- Old High German: eihhorno, eihhurno
- Middle High German: eichurne
- Alemannic German: Eichhore
- German: Eichhorn
- ⇒ German: Eichhörnchen
- ⇒ Hunsrik: Eichhernche
- Middle High German: eichurne
- Old English: ācweorna, āqueorna, āquorna, ācurna, ācuaerna
- Old Norse: íkorni
- Icelandic: íkorni
- Faroese: íkorni
- Norwegian: ikorn, ekorn; (dialectal) ikorre
- → Danish: ekorn, ikorn
- Norwegian Bokmål: ekorn, ikorn
- → Danish: ekorn, ikorn
- Jamtish: íkuðn
- Elfdalian: aikuonn
- Westrobothnian: ickȯrn, ikårn, ikkårn
- Old Swedish: ēkorne, īkorne
- Swedish: ekorre, (dialectal) ikorn
- Old Danish: īkærnæ
- Danish: egern
- Norwegian Bokmål: egern
- Danish: egern
- Gutnish: eikånn
- Scanian: igarne
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*aikwernan- ~ *īkurnan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 10