< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/abraz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Pre-Germanic *h₃(e)prós, equivalent to the lost strong verb *afaną + *-raz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑβ.rɑz/
Adjective
*abraz[1]
- strong, severe, exceeding, immense, great, huge, terrible
Inflection
Declension of *abraz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *abraz | *abrai | *abrō | *abrôz | *abrą, -atō | *abrō |
| Accusative | *abranǭ | *abranz | *abrǭ | *abrōz | *abrą, -atō | *abrō |
| Genitive | *abras, -is | *abraizǫ̂ | *abraizōz | *abraizǫ̂ | *abras, -is | *abraizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *abrammai | *abraimaz | *abraizōi | *abraimaz | *abrammai | *abraimaz |
| Instrumental | *abranō | *abraimiz | *abraizō | *abraimiz | *abranō | *abraimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *abrô | *abraniz | *abrǭ | *abrōniz | *abrô | *abrōnō |
| Accusative | *abranų | *abranunz | *abrōnų | *abrōnunz | *abrô | *abrōnō |
| Genitive | *abriniz | *abranǫ̂ | *abrōniz | *abrōnǫ̂ | *abriniz | *abranǫ̂ |
| Dative | *abrini | *abrammaz | *abrōni | *abrōmaz | *abrini | *abrammaz |
| Instrumental | *abrinē | *abrammiz | *abrōnē | *abrōmiz | *abrinē | *abrammiz |
Derived terms
- *abrijaną
Related terms
- *aflą
- *ōbijaną
- *ōbiz
- *ōbō
Descendants
- Old Norse: afar (in compounds); æfr (possibly also from *aibraz)
- Icelandic: afar
- Gothic: 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐍃 (abrs)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*abra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1