< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vastat'ak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From *vasta + *-t'ak.
Verb
*vastat'ak (stem *vastada-)
- to answer, to reply
- to meet
Inflection
Inflection of *vastat'ak
Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
present | past | imperative | optative | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st sing. | *vastadan | *vastacin | — | *vastatkon |
2nd sing. | *vastadat | *vastacit | *vastadak | *vastatkos |
3rd sing. | *vastadapi *vastat | *vastaci | *vastatkasen | *vastatkosen |
1st plur. | *vastadakmek *vastadakmak | *vastacimek *vastacimak | *vastatkatemek *vastatkatamak | *vastatkotemek *vastatkotamak |
2nd plur. | *vastadaktek *vastadaktak | *vastacidek *vastacidak | *vastatkate *vastatkata | *vastatkot'ek *vastatkotadak |
3rd plur. | *vastadabat *vastat | *vastaci | *vastatkasen | *vastatkosen |
passive | *vastadaksen | *vastattisen *vastadattihen | *vastattakahen *vastadattagasen | *vastattakohen *vastadattagosen |
connegative | *vastadak | — | *vastatkak | *vastatkok |
passive connegative | *vastadaktak | — | *vastattagak *vastadattagak | *vastattagok *vastadattagok |
conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
1st sing. | *vastadakcin | *vastacicin | *vastannen | |
2nd sing. | *vastadakcit | *vastacicit | *vastannet | |
3rd sing. | *vastadakci | *vastacici | *vastanni | |
1st plur. | *vastadakcimek *vastadakcimak | *vastacicimek *vastacicimak | *vastannemek *vastannemak | |
2nd plur. | *vastadakcidek *vastadakcidak | *vastacicidek *vastacicidak | *vastannedek *vastannedak | |
3rd plur. | *vastadakci | *vastacici | *vastanni | |
passive | *vastat'akcihen *vastadat'akcisen | *vastatticihen *vastadatticisen | *vastattanehen *vastadattanesen | |
connegative | *vastadakcik | *vastacicik | *vastannek | |
passive connegative | *vastat'akcik *vastadat'akcik | *vastatticik *vastadatticik | *vastattanek *vastadattanek | |
non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
active | passive | |||
infinitive 1 | *vastat'ak | present | *vastadapa | *vastattapa *vastadattaba |
infinitive 2 | *vastatte- | past | *vastannut | *vastattu *vastadattu |
gerund/supine | *vastadama | |||
action noun | *vastadaminen |
Descendants
- Estonian: vastama/vastata
- Finnish: vastata
- Ingrian: vassata
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: vassata
- South Karelian: vassata
- Livonian: vastātõ
- Livvi: vastata
- Ludian: vastata
- Veps: vastata
- Võro: vastama/vastadaq
- Votic: vasatõ
- → Proto-Samic: *vāstētētēk (see there for further descendants)
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “vastata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN