Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vasara

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From earlier *waśara, borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáȷ́ras. Akin also to Proto-Samic *veačērē, Erzya узере (uzere, “axe”), Moksha узерь (uzerʹ, “axe”).

Noun

*vasara

hammer

Inflection

Inflection of *vasara

	singular	plural
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
nominative	*vasara	*vasarat
accusative	*vasaran	*vasarat
genitive	*vasaran	vasaraden vasaroiden
partitive	*vasarata	*vasaroita
inessive	vasarassa vasarahna	vasaroissa vasaroihna
elative	*vasarasta	*vasaroista
illative	*vasarasen	*vasaroisen
adessive	*vasaralla	*vasaroilla
ablative	*vasaralta	*vasaroilta
allative	vasaralen vasaralek	vasaroilen vasaroilek
essive	*vasarana	*vasaroina
translative	*vasaraksi	*vasaroiksi
instructive	*vasaran	*vasaroin
comitative	*vasaranek	*vasaroinek
abessive	*vasaratta	*vasaroitta

Descendants

Estonian: vasar
Finnish: vasara
Ingrian: vasara, (Soikkola) vassaara
Karelian: (Northern) vasara, (Southern) vazara
Livonian: vazār
Livvi: vazar
Ludian: vazarain
Veps: vazaraine
Võro: vassar'
Votic: vasarõ
→ Latgalian: vasars
→ Latvian: veseris

References

vasar in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Joki, Aulis J. (1973) Uralier und Indogermanen [Uralians and Indo-Europeans] (Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia; 151) (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN