< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tilkkudak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From *tilkka + *-udak.
Verb
*tilkkudak
- to drip
Inflection
Inflection of *tilkkudak
Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
present | past | imperative | optative | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st sing. | *tilk'un | *tilk'uin | — | *tilkkugon |
2nd sing. | *tilk'ut | *tilk'uit | *tilk'uk | *tilkkugos |
3rd sing. | *tilkkubi *tilkku | *tilkkui | *tilkkugasen | *tilkkugosen |
1st plur. | *tilk'ukmek *tilk'ukmak | *tilkkuimek *tilkkuimak | *tilkkugatemek *tilkkugatamak | *tilkkugotemek *tilkkugotamak |
2nd plur. | *tilk'uktek *tilk'uktak | *tilkkuidek *tilkkuidak | *tilkkugate *tilkkugata | *tilkkugot'ek *tilkkugotadak |
3rd plur. | *tilkkubat *tilkku | *tilkkui | *tilkkugasen | *tilkkugosen |
passive | *tilk'uksen | *tilkkudisen *tilk'uttisen | *tilkkudakahen *tilk'uttakahen | *tilkkudakohen *tilk'uttakohen |
connegative | *tilk'uk | — | *tilkkugak | *tilkkugok |
passive connegative | *tilk'uktak | — | *tilkkudagak *tilk'uttagak | *tilkkudagok *tilk'uttagok |
conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
1st sing. | *tilk'ukcin | *tilkkuicin | *tilkkunen | |
2nd sing. | *tilk'ukcit | *tilkkuicit | *tilkkunet | |
3rd sing. | *tilk'ukci | *tilkkuici | *tilkkuni | |
1st plur. | *tilk'ukcimek *tilk'ukcimak | *tilkkuicimek *tilkkuicimak | *tilkkunemek *tilkkunemak | |
2nd plur. | *tilk'ukcidek *tilk'ukcidak | *tilkkuicidek *tilkkuicidak | *tilkkunedek *tilkkunedak | |
3rd plur. | *tilk'ukci | *tilkkuici | *tilkkuni | |
passive | *tilkkudakcihen *tilk'ut'akcihen | *tilkkudicihen *tilk'utticihen | *tilkkudanehen *tilk'uttanehen | |
connegative | *tilk'ukcik | *tilkkuicik | *tilkkunek | |
passive connegative | *tilkkudakcik *tilk'ut'akcik | *tilkkudicik *tilk'utticik | *tilkkudanek *tilk'uttanek | |
non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
active | passive | |||
infinitive 1 | *tilkkudak | present | *tilkkuba | *tilkkudapa *tilk'uttapa |
infinitive 2 | *tilkkude- | past | *tilkkunut | *tilkkudu *tilk'uttu |
gerund/supine | *tilkkuma | |||
action noun | *tilkkuminen |
Descendants
- Estonian: tilkuma/tilkuda
- Finnish: (dialectal) tilkkua
- Ingrian: tilkkua
- Karelian:
- South Karelian: tilkkuo
- Livonian: (Courland) tilkõ, (Salaca) tilk
- Ludian: tilkkuda
- Veps: tilkta
- Võro: tsilkma/tsilkuq
- Votic: tilkkua
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “tilkka”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN