< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sulkedak
 | This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Permic *śulke-.
Verb
*sulkedak
- to close, to shut
Inflection
Inflection of *sulkedak
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *sulgen | *sulgin | — | *sulkegon |
| 2nd sing. | *sulget | *sulgit | *sulgek | *sulkegos |
| 3rd sing. | *sulkebi *sulki | *sulki | *sulkegasen | *sulkegosen |
| 1st plur. | *sulgekmek *sulgekmak | *sulkimek *sulkimak | *sulkegatemek *sulkegatamak | *sulkegotemek *sulkegotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *sulgektek *sulgektak | *sulkidek *sulkidak | *sulkegate *sulkegata | *sulkegot'ek *sulkegotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *sulkebat *sulki | *sulki | *sulkegasen | *sulkegosen |
| passive | *sulgeksen | *sulkedisen *sulgettisen | *sulkedakahen *sulgettakahen | *sulkedakohen *sulgettakohen |
| connegative | *sulgek | — | *sulkegak | *sulkegok |
| passive connegative | *sulgektak | — | *sulkedagak *sulgettagak | *sulkedagok *sulgettagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *sulgekcin | *sulkicin | *sulkenen | |
| 2nd sing. | *sulgekcit | *sulkicit | *sulkenet | |
| 3rd sing. | *sulgekci | *sulkici | *sulkeni | |
| 1st plur. | *sulgekcimek *sulgekcimak | *sulkicimek *sulkicimak | *sulkenemek *sulkenemak | |
| 2nd plur. | *sulgekcidek *sulgekcidak | *sulkicidek *sulkicidak | *sulkenedek *sulkenedak | |
| 3rd plur. | *sulgekci | *sulkici | *sulkeni | |
| passive | *sulkedakcihen *sulget'akcihen | *sulkedicihen *sulgetticihen | *sulkedanehen *sulgettanehen | |
| connegative | *sulgekcik | *sulkicik | *sulkenek | |
| passive connegative | *sulkedakcik *sulget'akcik | *sulkedicik *sulgetticik | *sulkedanek *sulgettanek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *sulkedak | present | *sulkeba | *sulkedapa *sulgettapa |
| infinitive 2 | *sulkede- | past | *sulkenut | *sulkedu *sulgettu |
| gerund/supine | *sulkema | |||
| action noun | *sulkeminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: sulgema/sulgeda
- Finnish: sulkea
- → Karelian: sulkie
- Võro: sulgma
Further reading
- sulgema in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
- Entry #1600 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.