< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruma
 | This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Probably borrowed from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*hruma-) (whence Icelandic hrumur) [1].
Adjective
*ruma
- ugly
- bad, mean
- greedy
- stupid
Inflection
Inflection of *ruma
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ruma | *rumat | |
| accusative | *ruman | *rumat | |
| genitive | *ruman | *rumaden *rumeiden | |
| partitive | *rumada | *rumeida | |
| inessive | *rumassa | *rumeissa | |
| elative | *rumasta | *rumeista | |
| illative | *rumahen | *rumeihen | |
| adessive | *rumalla | *rumeilla | |
| ablative | *rumalta | *rumeilta | |
| allative | *rumalen | *rumeilen | |
| essive | *rumana | *rumeina | |
| translative | *rumaksi | *rumeiksi | |
| instructive | *ruman | *rumein | |
| comitative | *rumanek | *rumeinek | |
| abessive | *rumakta | *rumeikta | |
Descendants
From *ruma:
- Finnish: ruma
- Ingrian: ruma
- Karelian: ruma
- Livvi: ruma
- Ludian: ruma
- Veps: ruma
- Votic: ruma
- → Northern Sami: ropmi
From *ruma-la:
- Estonian: rumal
- ⇒ Livonian: rumāli, (Salaca) rumal
- Võro: rummal'
- Votic: rumala
- → Latvian: rumulēt, rumelēt
Further reading
- rumal in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
References
- Aikio, Ante: Muutamia lisiä suomen germaaniseen lainasanastoon (2019)