< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/itkedäk
 | This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Origin unknown.
Verb
*itkedäk (stem *itke-)
- to cry, to weep
Inflection
Inflection of *itkedäk
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *itken | *itkin | — | *itkegon |
| 2nd sing. | *itket | *itkit | *itkek | *itkegos |
| 3rd sing. | *itkebi *itki | *itki | *itkegäsen | *itkegosen |
| 1st plur. | *itkekmek *itkekmäk | *itkimek *itkimäk | *itkegätemek *itkegätämäk | *itkegotemek *itkegotämäk |
| 2nd plur. | *itkektek *itkektäk | *itkidek *itkidäk | *itkegäte *itkegätä | *itkegot'ek *itkegotädäk |
| 3rd plur. | *itkebät *itki | *itki | *itkegäsen | *itkegosen |
| passive | *itkeksen | *itkedisen *itkettisen | *itkedäkähen *itkettäkähen | *itkedäkohen *itkettäkohen |
| connegative | *itkek | — | *itkegäk | *itkegok |
| passive connegative | *itkektäk | — | *itkedägäk *itkettägäk | *itkedägok *itkettägok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *itkekcin | *itkicin | *itkenen | |
| 2nd sing. | *itkekcit | *itkicit | *itkenet | |
| 3rd sing. | *itkekci | *itkici | *itkeni | |
| 1st plur. | *itkekcimek *itkekcimäk | *itkicimek *itkicimäk | *itkenemek *itkenemäk | |
| 2nd plur. | *itkekcidek *itkekcidäk | *itkicidek *itkicidäk | *itkenedek *itkenedäk | |
| 3rd plur. | *itkekci | *itkici | *itkeni | |
| passive | *itkedäkcihen *itket'äkcihen | *itkedicihen *itketticihen | *itkedänehen *itkettänehen | |
| connegative | *itkekcik | *itkicik | *itkenek | |
| passive connegative | *itkedäkcik *itket'äkcik | *itkedicik *itketticik | *itkedänek *itkettänek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *itkedäk | present | *itkebä | *itkedäpä *itkettäpä |
| infinitive 2 | *itkede- | past | *itkenüt | *itkedü *itkettü |
| gerund/supine | *itkemä | |||
| action noun | *itkeminen | |||
Derived terms
- *itku
Descendants
- Estonian: itkema/itkeda
- Finnish: itkeä
- Ingrian: itkiä
- Karelian: itkie
- Livonian: itkõ
- Livvi: itkie
- Ludian: it'keda
- Veps: itkta
- Võro: ikma/ikkõq (back vowel harmony)
- Votic: itkõa (back vowel harmony)
References
- itkema in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
- Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN