< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/henki
 | This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown. Has been compared with various words in other Uralic languages with mainly heat-related meanings (e.g. Erzya ченгемс (čengems, “to burn down; to thirst”), Udmurt ӝог (džog, “hot, drought”), Northern Mansi саӈк (saňk, “sweat”)), and UEW reconstructs a common root *čeŋke, but this remains uncertain.
Noun
*henki
- breath
- soul, life force
Inflection
Inflection of *henki
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *henki | *henget | |
| accusative | *hengen | *henget | |
| genitive | *hengen | *henkeden *henkiden | |
| partitive | *henkedä | *henkidä | |
| inessive | *hengessä *hengehnä | *hengissä *hengihnä | |
| elative | *hengestä | *hengistä | |
| illative | *henkehen | *henkihen | |
| adessive | *hengellä | *hengillä | |
| ablative | *hengeltä | *hengiltä | |
| allative | *henkelen *henkelek | *henkilen *henkilek | |
| essive | *henkenä | *henkinä | |
| translative | *hengeksi | *hengiksi | |
| instructive | *hengen | *hengin | |
| comitative | *henkenek | *henkinek | |
| abessive | *hengettä | *hengittä | |
Descendants
- Estonian: hing
- Finnish: henki
- Ingrian: henki
- Karelian: henki, hengi
- Livonian: jeng
- Livvi: hengi
- Ludian: heng
- Veps: heng
- Võro: heng', hing'
- Votic: entši
- → Proto-Samic: *(h)eaŋkë (see there for further descendants)
References
- hing in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
- Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN