Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/cika

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From earlier *tika, as a part of the old layer of agricultural terminology in the more western Uralic languages whose origin remains unclear. Generally considered to be related at least to the words for "pig" in the Mordvinic languages (Erzya туво (tuvo), Moksha тува (tuva)). According to Koivulehto, the word might be a loanword from Proto-Germanic *tigǭ (“goat”) (whence German Ziege), but this remains uncertain due to the semantic difference. (Compare however *lehmä.)

Noun

*cika

pig

Inflection

Inflection of *cika

	singular	plural
nominative	*cika	*cigat
accusative	*cigan	*cigat
genitive	*cigan	cikaden cikoiden
partitive	*cikada	*cikoida
inessive	*cigassa	*cigoissa
elative	*cigasta	*cigoista
illative	*cikahen	*cikoihen
adessive	*cigalla	*cigoilla
ablative	*cigalta	*cigoilta
allative	*cikalek	*cikoilek
essive	*cikana	*cikoina
translative	*cigaksi	*cigoiksi
instructive	*cigan	*cigoin
comitative	*cikanek	*cikoinek
abessive	*cigakta	*cigoikta

Descendants

Estonian: siga
Finnish: sika
Ingrian: sika
Karelian: sika, siga
Livonian: sigā
Ludian: šiga
Veps: siga
Võro: tsiga
Votic: sika
→ Inari Sami: šahe
→ Skolt Sami: šââ´ǩǩ
→ Kildin Sami: шагкь (šagkʹ)
→ Ter Sami: šâkke
→ Russian: (dialectal) сика (sika), жижка (žižka)