< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/aika
 | This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Two Germanic etyma have been proposed. The first theory posits a borrowing from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz. The *w > *k is not entirely regular, but multiple explanations have been put forward (such as analogous gradation and a comparison with *raaka < *hrawaz and *narka < *narwaz). Alternatively, according to Hyllested, from earlier *ajeka and borrowed from Proto-Germanic *ajuka- (“time, eternity”) (related to Proto-Germanic *ajukiz); for medial *ajeC > *aiC, parallels exist in *aisa (< *ajesa), *kaikki (< *kajekki) and probably *aitta (< *ajetta).
Noun
*aika
- time
Inflection
Inflection of *aika
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *aika | *aigat | |
| accusative | *aigan | *aigat | |
| genitive | *aigan | *aikaden *aikoiden | |
| partitive | *aikada | *aikoida | |
| inessive | *aigassa *aigahna | *aigoissa *aigoihna | |
| elative | *aigasta | *aigoista | |
| illative | *aikahen | *aikoihen | |
| adessive | *aigalla | *aigoilla | |
| ablative | *aigalta | *aigoilta | |
| allative | *aikalen *aikalek | *aikoilen *aikoilek | |
| essive | *aikana | *aikoina | |
| translative | *aigaksi | *aigoiksi | |
| instructive | *aigan | *aigoin | |
| comitative | *aikanek | *aikoinek | |
| abessive | *aigatta | *aigoitta | |
Derived terms
- *aigasta-aika
Descendants
- Estonian: aeg
- Finnish: aika
- Ingrian: aika
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: aika
- South Karelian: aiga
- Livonian: āiga
- Livvi: aigu
- Ludian: aig
- Veps: aig
- Võro: aig
- Votic: aikõ
- → Proto-Samic: *ājkē (see there for further descendants)
References
- Hyllested, Adam (2014) Word Exchange at the Gates of Europe: Five Millennia of Language Contact (Thesis), Det Humanistiske Fakultet, Københavns Universitet