< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-ākos
 | This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos, from a-stem suffix *-eh₂- + adjectival suffix *-kos, *-ḱos. Cognate with Latin -ācus, -īcus, Ancient Greek -ακός (-akós), -ικός (-ikós), Proto-Germanic *-agaz, Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ, Sanskrit -कस (-kasa), -शस (-śasa).
Suffix
*-ākos
- Forms adjectives from nouns and adjectives with the sense of "involved with, belonging to, having".
Inflection
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *-ākos | *-ākou | *-ākoi |
| vocative | *-āke | *-ākou | *-ākūs |
| accusative | *-ākom | *-ākou | *-ākūs |
| genitive | *-ākī | *-ākous | *-ākom |
| dative | *-ākūi | *-ākobom | *-ākobos |
| instrumental | *-ākū | *-ākobim | *-ākobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *-ākā | *-ākai | *-ākās |
| vocative | *-ākā | *-ākai | *-ākās |
| accusative | *-ākam | *-ākai | *-ākās |
| genitive | *-ākās | *-ākous | *-ākom |
| dative | *-ākai | *-ākābom | *-ākābos |
| instrumental | *? | *-ākābim | *-ākābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *-ākom | *-ākou | *-ākā |
| vocative | *-ākom | *-ākou | *-ākā |
| accusative | *-ākom | *-ākou | *-ākā |
| genitive | *-ākī | *-ākous | *-ākom |
| dative | *-ākūi | *-ākobom | *-ākobos |
| instrumental | *-ākū | *-ākobim | *-ākobis |
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Celtic_words_suffixed_with_*-%C4%81kos_(adjective)' title='Category:Proto-Celtic words suffixed with *-ākos (adjective)'>Proto-Celtic words suffixed with *-ākos (adjective)</a>
Descendants
- Brythonic: *-ọg
- Old Breton: -oc
- Middle Breton: -ec
- Breton: -ek, -eg
- Middle Breton: -ec
- Old Cornish: -oc
- Middle Cornish: -ec
- Cornish: -ek
- Middle Cornish: -ec
- Old Welsh: -auc
- Middle Welsh: -awc, -awg
- Welsh: -og
- → Old Irish: -óc
- Irish: -óg
- Manx: -ag
- Scottish Gaelic: -ag
- Middle Welsh: -awc, -awg
- Old Breton: -oc
- Old Irish: -ach
- Irish: -ach
- Manx: -agh
- Scottish Gaelic: -ach
Etymology 2
Substantivisation of the above adjective suffix.
Suffix
*-ākos m
- Forms nouns indicating a person involved with, belonging to or having.
Inflection
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Celtic_words_suffixed_with_*-%C4%81kos_(noun)' title='Category:Proto-Celtic words suffixed with *-ākos (noun)'>Proto-Celtic words suffixed with *-ākos (noun)</a>