Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wesākos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Unknown. Possibly borrowed or derived from a non-Indo-European substrate. Welsh gwyach (f) points to a geminate form, *wesakkos.[1] Pokorny suggests Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to consume, feast, eat”).[2]

Noun

*wesākos m

raven
grebe

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wesākos	*wesākou	*wesākoi
vocative	*wesāke	*wesākou	*wesākūs
accusative	*wesākom	*wesākou	*wesākoms
genitive	*wesākī	*wesākous	*wesākom
dative	*wesākūi	*wesākobom	*wesākobos
locative	*wesākei	*?	*?
instrumental	*wesākū	*wesākobim	*wesākūis

Descendants

Old Irish: fiach, fíach (“raven”)
- Irish: fiach
- Manx: feeagh
- Scottish Gaelic: fitheach
Middle Welsh: gwyach (“grebe, Podiceps”)
- Welsh: gwyach

References

G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “fiach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwyach”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1171

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1171