Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-om

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Suffix

*-om n

Forms action nouns from e-grade roots corresponding to verbs.
‎*dīwed- + ‎-om → ‎*dīwedom (“end”) (cf. *dīwedeti (“to stop”))
‎*uɸobey- + ‎-om → ‎*uɸobeyom (“blow, injury”) (cf. *binati (“to strike, beat”), a zero-grade formation)

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-om	*-ou	*-ā
vocative	*-om	*-ou	*-ā
accusative	*-om	*-ou	*-ā
genitive	*-ī	*-ous	*-om
dative	*-ūi	*-obom	*-obos
instrumental	*-ū	*-obim	*-obis

Usage notes

Due to extensive final syllable apocope, the suffix phonetically vanished in all Insular Celtic descendants. By Old Irish, the only traces of the suffix are its mutational effects and the resulting verbal nouns' apparent lack of a derivational suffix. The loss of the neuter further incinerated these last traces of the suffix.

Derived terms

Proto-Celtic words suffixed with *-om