< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/miskos
 | This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *miḱsḱéti (“to mix”), from *meyḱ-[1].
Noun
*miskos m
- mixture, confusion
Declension
| Masculine o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *miskos | *miskou | *miskoi |
| vocative | *miske | *miskou | *miskūs |
| accusative | *miskom | *miskou | *miskoms |
| genitive | *miskī | *miskous | *miskom |
| dative | *miskūi | *miskobom | *miskobos |
| locative | *miskei | *? | *? |
| instrumental | *miskū | *miskobim | *miskūis |
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *mɨsk, *kɨm-mɨsk
- Breton: kemmesk, quemmesq (“mixture, complication”), mesk, mesq (“mixture”)
- Cornish: kemmysk (“mixture”)
- Middle Welsh: mysgi (“trouble, confusion”)
- Welsh: cymysgfa (“mixture, confusion”)
- Old Irish: cummasc (“mixture, disturbance”)
- Irish: cumasc
Adjective
*miskos
- mixed, confused
Inflection
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *miskos | *miskou | *miskoi |
| vocative | *miske | *miskou | *miskūs |
| accusative | *miskom | *miskou | *miskoms |
| genitive | *miskī | *miskous | *miskom |
| dative | *miskūi | *miskobom | *miskobos |
| instrumental | *miskū | *miskobim | *miskobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *miskā | *miskai | *miskās |
| vocative | *miskā | *miskai | *miskās |
| accusative | *miskam | *miskai | *miskams |
| genitive | *miskās | *miskous | *miskom |
| dative | *miskai | *miskābom | *miskābos |
| instrumental | *? | *miskābim | *miskābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *miskom | *miskou | *miskā |
| vocative | *miskom | *miskou | *miskā |
| accusative | *miskom | *miskou | *miskā |
| genitive | *miskī | *miskous | *miskom |
| dative | *miskūi | *miskobom | *miskobos |
| instrumental | *miskū | *miskobim | *miskobis |
Descendants
- Welsh: cymysg (“mixed”)
- Old Irish: mesc (“confused, drunk”), mescc
- Irish: measc
- Scottish Gaelic: measg
Preposition
*miskos
- amid, amidst
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *mɨsk
- Middle Breton: e mesk (“among”)
- Breton: mesk
- Cornish: mysk, mysc, mesk, mesc
- Welsh: mysg
- Middle Breton: e mesk (“among”)
- Old Irish: mesc, mescc
- Irish: measc
- Scottish Gaelic: measg
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 273