< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/iwos
 | This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Alternative reconstructions
- *īwos
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw- (“yew”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *īhwaz (“yew”), Latin ūva (“grape”), Ancient Greek ὄα (óa, “service tree”), Lithuanian ievà (“bird cherry”), Russian и́ва (íva, “willow”).
Noun
*iwos m
- yew
Declension
| Masculine o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *iwos | *iwou | *iwoi |
| vocative | *iwe | *iwou | *iwūs |
| accusative | *iwom | *iwou | *iwoms |
| genitive | *iwī | *iwous | *iwom |
| dative | *iwūi | *iwobom | *iwobos |
| locative | *iwei | *? | *? |
| instrumental | *iwū | *iwobim | *iwūis |
Synonyms
- *eburos
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *ɨwī pl, *ɨwɨnā (collective)
- Breton: ivin (collective)
- Old Cornish: hiuin
- Cornish: ywin
- Welsh: yw pl
- Gaulish: *iwos
- → French: if
- Old Irish: eó
- Irish: eo
Derived terms
- *iwyos
- Irish: Í (“Iona”)
- *Iwogenos
Further reading
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*iwo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 173
- Watson, W. J., The History of the Celtic Place-names of Scotland. Reprinted with an introduction by Simon Taylor, Birlinn, Edinburgh, 2004. →ISBN, pp. 87–90.