Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gyemos

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Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gyemos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰyem- (“winter”).

Noun

*gyemos m[1]

1. winter

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gyemos	*gyemou	*gyemoi
vocative	*gyeme	*gyemou	*gyemūs
accusative	*gyemom	*gyemou	*gyemoms
genitive	*gyemī	*gyemous	*gyemom
dative	*gyemūi	*gyemobom	*gyemobos
locative	*gyemei	*?	*?
instrumental	*gyemū	*gyemobim	*gyemūis

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic:
  • Old Breton: guoiam
    • Middle Breton: gouaff
      • Breton: goañv
  • Old Cornish: goyf
    • Cornish: gwâv
  • Old Welsh: gaem
    • Middle Welsh: gayaf, gaeaf
      • Welsh: gaeaf
• Primitive Irish: ᚌᚐᚋᚔ- (gami-, gen.)
  • Old Irish: gam
    • Old Irish: gaim
• Gaulish: Giamos (personal name)

References

1. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*gyemo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 170

See also

Seasons in Proto-Celtic · *amsterās (layout · text) · category
*wesrakos (“spring”)	*samos (“summer”)	*wogamur (“autumn”)	*gyemos (“winter”)