Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/garyos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵeh₂r- (“to call, cry”).

Noun

*garyos m[1]

word
command

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*garyos	*garyou	*garyoi
vocative	*garye	*garyou	*garyūs
accusative	*garyom	*garyou	*garyoms
genitive	*garyī	*garyous	*garyom
dative	*garyūi	*garyobom	*garyobos
locative	*garyei	*?	*?
instrumental	*garyū	*garyobim	*garyūis

Related terms

*gāri
*garman
*garyeti

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *gėr
- Middle Breton: guer
  - Breton: ger
- Cornish: ger
- Middle Welsh: geir
  - Welsh: gair
Old Irish: gair
Gaulish: adgarion (acc.sg.)[2]

References

Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*garyo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 153
Koch, John (2004), “*gāri-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 54: “adgarion”

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*garyo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 153

[2] Koch, John (2004), “*gāri-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 54: “adgarion”