Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/boudi

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Alternative forms

*boudis

Etymology

Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷew(H)- (“to gain”), whence Latvian gaut (“to catch, gain”), gūvejs (“winner”), Lithuanian gáuti (“to gain, obtain”), or perhaps from *bʰewd- (“to beat”).[1]

Noun

*boudi n[1][2][3]

profit, gain
victory

Inflection

Neuter i-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*boudi	*boudī	*boudyā
vocative	*boudi	*boudī	*boudyā
accusative	*boudi	*boudī	*boudyā
genitive	*boudois	*boudois	*boudyom
dative	*boudei	*boudibom	*boudibos
locative	*boudei	*?	*?
instrumental	*boudī	*boudibim	*boudibis

Derived terms

*boudīkos (“victorious”)

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: bʉd m
- Old Breton: bud
  - Breton: buz
- Cornish: budh
- Middle Welsh: bud
  - Welsh: budd
Old Irish: búaid f, boid
- Irish: bua
- Scottish Gaelic: buaidh
- Manx: booie
Gaulish: *boudi[4]
- ⇒ Gaulish: *Boudilātis[4]
  - → Latin: Boudilatis
- →? Frankish: *būti (or ← Germanic *biūtjaną) (see there for further descendants)
- →? Vulgar Latin: *boudinus (or *būtinus ← Frankish)
  - Old French: butin (“spoils, plunder”), botin
    - Middle French: butin
      - French: butin
        → Breton: butin
    - → Middle English: bottyne, botye, buty
      - English: booty, bootyn

References

Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*bowdi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 72
Koch, John (2004), “*boudi-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Wodtko, Dagmar S. (2017–2018), “Chapter XI: Celtic”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Celtic, page 1257
Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page boudi- of 83-84

[EDPC-1] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*bowdi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 72

[2] Koch, John (2004), “*boudi-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[3] Wodtko, Dagmar S. (2017–2018), “Chapter XI: Celtic”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Celtic, page 1257

[DLG-4] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page boudi- of 83-84