< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/barnati
 | This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥-né-H-ti ~ *gʷr̥-n-H-énti, from *gʷerH- (“to praise, elevate”) + *-né- + *-ti.[1][2][3][4]
Verb
*barnati
- to proclaim
Inflection
| Athematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *barnami | *barnamam | ? | ? |
| 2nd singular | *barnasi | *barnatās | ? | ? |
| 3rd singular | *barnati | *barnato | ? | ? |
| 1st plural | *barnamosi | *barnamo | ? | ? |
| 2nd plural | *barnatesi | *barnastē | ? | ? |
| 3rd plural | *barnanti | *barnanto | ? | ? |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | ? | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | ? | ? | *barna | |
| 3rd singular | ? | ? | *barnatou | |
| 1st plural | ? | ? | *barnamos | |
| 2nd plural | ? | ? | *barnate | |
| 3rd plural | ? | ? | *barnantou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *barnar | — | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | *barnatar | — | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | *barnator | ? | ? | — |
| 1st plural | *barnammor | — | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | *barnadwe | — | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | *barnantor | ? | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | ? | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | ? | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | ? | — | — | |
| 1st plural | ? | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | ? | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | ? | — | — | |
Descendants
- Brythonic: *barnad
- Middle Breton: barn
- Middle Welsh: barnu, barnaf
- Welsh: barnu
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*bar-na-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 57-58
- Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 83
- Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 168
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “barn”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies