< Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic
Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/ėrðɨd
 | This Proto-Brythonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Brythonic
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *aryeti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e̝rˈðɨd/
Verb
*ėrðɨd
- to plough
Conjugation
Conjugation of *ėrðɨd
| Indicative | Singular | Plural | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First | Second | Third | Impersonal | First | Second | Third | Impersonal | ||||
| Absolute | Conjunct | Absolute | Conjunct | ||||||||
| Present | *ėrðiβ̃ | *ėrðið | *ėrðid | *arð | *arðidor | *arðir | *arðimm | *arðid | *arðint | *arðintor | |
| Imperfect | *? | *? | — | *? | — | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | |
| Preterite | *arðiss | *arðissɨð(?) | *arðissɨd | *arðiss | *arðidɨd | *arðid | *arðissomm | *arðissed | *arðissont | *arðidėnt | |
| Pluperfect | *? | *? | — | *? | — | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | |
| Subjunctive | |||||||||||
| Present | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | |
| Past | *? | *? | — | *? | — | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | |
| Imperative | |||||||||||
| Present | — | *arð | *arðid | — | *arðidor | — | *arðimm | *arðid | *arðint | *arðintor | |
| Non-finite | |||||||||||
Related terms
- *ėrėdig (“act of ploughing”)
Derived terms
- *arad
Descendants
- Breton: arat
- Cornish: aras
- Middle Welsh: eredic, ardaf
- Welsh: aredig, arddu
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 43-44