Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/qaSəlu

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔasəlu/, /qasəlu/

Noun

*qaSəlu

pestle (instrument used with a mortar to grind things)

Descendants

Northern Formosan
- Atayalic
  - Atayal: sxu', sxaw, qszyu', qhzyaw
  - Taroko: sru
  - Seediq: seru
- Northwest Formosan
  - Saisiyat: 'aSo'
  - Kulon-Pazeh: suru
  - Babuza: sorro
  - Thao: qashuru
East Formosan
- Ami
  - Amis: 'asolo
  - Sakizaya: asulu
Rukaic: *asoƚo
- Rukai: asulru
Southern Formosan
- Paiwan: qaselu
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *qahəlu
- Philippine
  - Batanic
    - Yami: ao
    - Ivatan: ahu
    - Ibatan: aho
  - Northern Luzon
    - Ilocano: aló
    - Cagayan Valley
      - Ibanag: alu
      - Itawit: állu
      - Isnag: alló
    - Meso-Cordilleran
      - Pangasinan: álo
      - Kalinga
        Limos Kalinga: allú
      - Bontoc
        Central Bontoc: ʔalʔú
      - Kankanaey
        Kankanaey: al-ó
        Northern Kankanay: al-o, ao
      - Ifugao
        Tuwali Ifugao: al-u
        Mayoyao Ifugao: al-ú
    - Northeastern Luzon
      - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: álo
  - Central Luzon
    - Kapampangan: álo
    - Sambali
      - Bolinao: a'lo
  - Greater Central Philippine
    - Central Philippine
      - Tagalog: halo
      - Bikol
        Bikol Central: hàlo
      - Mansakan
        Mansaka: aro
        Tagakaulu Kalagan: alu
      - Visayan
        Asi: ayho
        Cebuano: alho
        Aklanon: háe-o
        Hiligaynon: hál-o
        Tausug: hallu
    - Manobo
      - Agusan Manobo: 'aehu
      - Obo Manobo: 'allu'
      - Tagabawa: allu
    - Subanen
      - Central Subanen: elu
    - South Mangyan
      - Hanunoo: hálʔu
    - Gorontalo–Mongondow
      - Mongondow: alu
  - Kalamian
    - Agutaynen: kalo
    - Calamian Tagbanwa: kalu
  - South Mindanao
    - Tiruray: ʔelew
- Sama–Bajaw
  - Inabaknon: allo
  - Central Sama: hallu
  - Yakan: hellu
- Barito
  - East Barito
    - Dusun Witu: alu
    - Ma'anyan: alu
    - Malagasy: akalo
  - West Barito
    - Ngaju: halu
- North Bornean
  - Northeast Sabahan
    - Bonggi: golu
    - Ida'an: gellu
  - Southwest Sabahan
    - Dusunic
      - Rungus: goholu
      - Tobilung: to'olu
  - North Sarawakan
    - Bakung: lu
    - Dayic
      - Kelabit: aluh
      - Lun Bawang: aluh
  - Central Sarawakan
    - Punan
      - Punan Bah-Biau: luow
      - Punan Tubu: aluʔ
- Kayanic
  - Kayan–Murik
    - Kayan
      - Bahau: aloːʔ
      - Rejang Kayan: aluʔ
    - Murik–Merap
      - Murik (Malaysia): lu
      - Punan Merap: lawʔ
  - Segai–Modang
    - Segai: alaw
    - Modang: əlaɵ̯
- Land Dayak
  - Benyadu–Bekatiʼ
    - Bekati': aɣu
    - Rara Bakati': aru'
  - Bidayuh
    - Bau Bidayuh: aluh
    - Biatah Bidayuh: aruh
  - Southern Land Dayak
    - Jangkang: aɣuh
    - Ribun: alu
    - Sanggau: alú
- Moken-Moklen
  - Moken: kaʔɔy
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
  - Batak
    - Toba Batak: andalu
  - Nias: halu
  - Simeulue: alaw
- Malayo-Sumbawan
  - Malayo-Chamic
    - Chamic: *halɔw
      - Acehnese: alèe
      - Coastal Chamic
        Haroi: həlâo
        Cham
        Eastern Cham: ꨨꨵꨭꨥ (hluw)
        Western Cham: hlau
      - Highlands Chamic
        Chru–Northern Chamic
        Chru: hələu
        Northern Chamic
        Northern Roglai: haləu
        Tsat: law³³
        Jarai–Rade
        Jarai: hlâo
        Rade: hlâo
    - Malayic: *halu
      - Ibanic
        Iban: alu
        Mualang: alu
        Seberuang: alow
      - Malayan
        Malay: alu
        Indonesian: alu
        Minangkabau: alu
      - Urak Lawoi': ฮาลู (halu)
  - Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
    - Sasak: alu
  - Sundanese: ᮠᮜᮥ (halu)
- Lampungic: *həlu
  - Abung: leu
  - Komering: holu
  - Lampung Api: helu
- Old Javanese: halu
  - Javanese: ꦲꦭꦸ (alu)
- South Sulawesi
  - Buginese: alu, alu-alu
  - Makasar: alu
  - Tae': alu
  - Duri: pealu
- Celebic
  - Tomini–Tolitoli
    - Tajio: ialu
- Central Malayo-Polynesian
  - Central Maluku
    - Asilulu: alu
    - Buru (Indonesia): alu
    - Tugun: alu
  - Bima: aru
  - Sumba–Flores
    - Sumba–Hawu
      - Sabu: aru
      - Kambera: alu
      - Laboya: alu
    - Western Flores
      - Manggarai–Rembong
        Komodo: alu
        Manggarai: alu
        Rembong: alu
      - Central Flores
        Ngadha: alu
        Li'o: alu
  - Flores–Lembata
    - Sika: ʔalu
  - Timoric
    - Tetum: alu
    - Kisar: alu
- Palauan: chái

References

Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *qaSelu.