Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/dəpah

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Noun

*dəpah

fathom

Descendants

East Formosan
- Kavalanic
  - Kavalan: zpi
Southern Formosan
- Puyuma: depa
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *dəpah
- Philippine
  - Batanic
    - Yami: dpa
    - Ivatan: adpa
    - Ibatan: adpa
  - Northern Luzon
    - Ilocano: déppa
    - Cagayan Valley
      - Isnag: dappa
    - Meso-Cordilleran
      - Central Cordilleran
        Ifugao
        Batad Ifugao: dopa
        Tuwali Ifugao: dopa
        Bontoc–Kankanaey
        Central Bontoc: depa
        Kankanaey: depá
        Northern Kankanay: depa
      - Southern Cordilleran
        Keley-I Kallahan: depa
    - Northeastern Luzon
      - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: déppa
  - Central Luzon
    - Sambalic
      - Abenlen Ayta: depah
      - Mag-Anchi Ayta: dêpa
  - Greater Central Philippine
    - Central Philippine
      - Tagalog: dipá
      - Bikol Central: dupá
      - Visayan
        Asi
        Asi: rupa
        Cebu
        Cebuano: dupá
        West
        Aklanon: dupá
        Central
        Hiligaynon: dupá
        Masbatenyo: dupá
        Romblomanon: dupa
        Waray-Waray: dupá
        South
        Tausug: dupa
      - Mansakan
        Mansaka: dupa
        Tagakaulu Kalagan: depa
    - South Mangyan
      - Hanunoo: dupá
    - Danao
      - Maranao: repa
      - Maguindanao: lepa
    - Manobo
      - North
        Binukid: depa
        Higaonon: dupa
      - Central
        Agusan Manobo: 'dopa
        Ata Manobo: dopa
        Obo Manobo: leppa'
        Western Bukidnon Manobo: repa
    - Subanen
      - Central Subanen: depa
    - Palawanic
      - Brooke's Point Palawano: depa
      - Aborlan Tagbanwa: depa
      - Central Tagbanwa: dɨpa
  - Kalamian
    - Agutaynen: depa
    - Calamian Tagbanwa: dëpa
  - South Mindanao
    - Tboli: difu
    - Tiruray: rifo
- Barito
  - Sama–Bajaw
    - Inabaknon: dappa
    - Yakan: deppe
    - Inner Sulu
      - Central Sama: deppa
      - Southern Sama: dappa
    - Borneo Coast
      - Mapun: dappa
      - West Coast Bajau: depo
  - East Barito
    - Malagasy: refy
- North Bornean
  - Northeast Sabahan
    - Bonggi: depa
    - Ida'an: reppo
  - Southwest Sabahan
    - Dusunic
      - Rungus: dopo
      - Tobilung: ropo
    - Paitanic
      - Tombonuo: ropo
  - North Sarawakan
    - Dayic
      - Kelabit: depeh
      - Lun Bawang: defeh
    - Kenyah
      - Bakung: depa
      - Eastern Penan: depah
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
  - Batak
    - Karo Batak: depa
    - Toba Batak: dopa
  - Gayo: depa
  - Nias: döfa
  - Simeulue: repa
- Malayo-Sumbawan
  - Chamic
    - Acehnese: deupa
    - Eastern Cham: ꨓꨚꨩ (tapa)
    - Rade: êpa
  - Malayic
    - Iban: depa
    - Malay: depa
      - Indonesian: depa
    - Urak Lawoi': เดอปา (depa)
  - Sundanese: deupa
  - Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
    - Balinese: depa
    - Sasak: depa
- Old Javanese: ḍĕpa
  - Javanese: dhepa
- South Sulawesi
  - Bugis–Tamanic
    - Buginese: reppa
  - Makassaric
    - Makasar: rappa
  - Northern
    - Massenrempulu
      - Duri: daqpa
    - Toraja
      - Tae': da'pa
- Celebic
  - Saluan–Banggai
    - Balantak: dapa
  - Kaili–Pamona
    - Uma: dopo
  - Wotu–Wolio
    - Wolio: ndapa
  - Tomini–Tolitoli
    - Tajio: lapa
  - Muna–Buton
    - Muna: rofa
  - Bungku–Tolaki: *ropa
- Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
  - Central Malayo-Polynesian
    - Sumba–Flores
      - Sumba–Hawu
        Kambera: ràpa
      - Western Flores
        Manggarai: depa
        Rembong: depa
        Ngadha: depa
    - Kei–Tanimbar
      - Kei: ref
      - Fordata: refa
      - Yamdena: defe
    - Selaru
      - Selaru: re
    - Aru
      - Dobel: re
    - Timoric
      - Luangic
        Leti (Indonesia): rea
      - Tetumic
        Tetum: roha
    - Central Maluku
      - West Central Maluku
        Buru (Indonesia): repa
      - East Central Maluku
        Nunusaku
        Piru Bay
        Asilulu: lea
        Boano (Maluku): lea
        Kamarian: rea
        Kowiai: ref
  - Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
    - Halmahera–Cenderawasih
      - Halmahera Sea
        East Makian: lof
        Buli (Indonesia): lof
        Sawai: lof
      - Cenderawasih Bay
        Biak: rof
    - Oceanic: *ropa
      - Western Oceanic
        Meso-Melanesian
        Nakanai: lova
        Papuan Tip
        Dobu: roa
        Motu: roha
      - Central-Eastern Oceanic
        Southern Oceanic
        Mota: rova
        Central Pacific
        Polynesian: *rofa
        Tongic
        Tongan: ofa
        Niuean: ofa
        Niuatoputapu: ofa
        Nuclear Polynesian
        Ellicean–Futunic
        Pileni: lofa
        East Futuna: lofa
        Tikopia: rofa
        Eastern Polynesian
        Tahitic
        Maori: roha

References

Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *depah.